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Physics Calculators

Instant, accurate physics calculations with step-by-step explanations. Built for students, educators, and curious minds — free forever.

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Featured Calculators

The tools our readers use most — complete with formulas and worked examples.

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All Calculators

Growing library — more tools added every month based on reader requests.

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Beginner–Advanced

Kinematic Calculator

Solve SUVAT equations for linear motion. Find any unknown when given three values — covers velocity, displacement, acceleration, and time.

v = u + ats = ut + ½at²v² = u² + 2as
Beginner

Ohm’s Law Calculator

Enter any two of voltage, current, or resistance — solves for the third instantly. Also calculates all four power formulas.

V = IRI = V/RP = VIP = I²R
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Intermediate

Wave Calculator

Calculate wave speed, frequency, wavelength, and period. Includes speed of light and sound presets for electromagnetic and mechanical waves.

v = fλf = 1/TT = λ/v
Open Calculator →Waves & Optics
All Levels

Newton’s Second Law Calculator

Calculate force, mass, or acceleration instantly using Newton’s Second Law of Motion. Ideal for mechanics and motion problems.

F = mam = F/aa = F/mForce
Open Calculator →General Physics
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Intermediate

Projectile Motion Calculator

Find range, max height, time of flight, and trajectory of any projectile. Enter launch angle, speed, and height to see the full path.

R = v²sin2θ/gH = v²sin²θ/2gT = 2vsinθ/g
Beginner

Kinetic Energy Calculator

Calculate the kinetic energy, mass, or velocity of a moving object instantly. Simple plug-and-solve tool for any motion problem.

KE = ½mv²v = √(2KE/m)m = 2KE/v²
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Beginner

Free Fall Calculator

Find the velocity, height, or time for an object falling under gravity alone. Ideal for basic kinematics and gravity problems.

v = gth = ½gt²v² = 2gh
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Intermediate

Pendulum Period Calculator

Calculate the period, length, or frequency of a simple pendulum. Useful for oscillation and timing experiments.

T = 2π√(L/g)f = 1/TL = gT²/4π²
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Intermediate

Ideal Gas Law Calculator

Solve for pressure, volume, moles, or temperature of a gas using the ideal gas equation. Great for chemistry and thermodynamics.

PV = nRTP = nRT/VV = nRT/P
Open Calculator →Thermodynamics
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Beginner

Gravitational PE Calculator

Find the gravitational potential energy of an object based on its mass, height, and gravity. Quick and accurate results.

PE = mghm = PE/ghh = PE/mg
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Beginner

Momentum Calculator

Calculate the momentum, mass, or velocity of an object in motion. Also supports basic collision and impulse problems.

p = mvm = p/vv = p/m
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Intermediate

Circular Motion Calculator

Find centripetal force, acceleration, or speed for any object moving in a circular path. Covers radius and angular velocity too.

F = mv²/ra = v²/rv = ωr
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Beginner

Hooke’s Law Calculator

Calculate spring force, displacement, or spring constant instantly. Perfect for elasticity and spring-mass problems.

F = kxk = F/xx = F/k
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Intermediate

Doppler Effect Calculator

Find the observed frequency of sound or light as a source moves toward or away from an observer. Covers approaching and receding cases.

f’ = f(v±v₀)/(v±vₛ)
Open Calculator →Waves & Optics
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Intermediate

Snell’s Law Calculator

Calculate the angle of refraction or refractive index when light passes between two media. Essential for optics problems.

n₁sinθ₁ = n₂sinθ₂
Open Calculator →Waves & Optics
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Beginner

Torque Calculator

Find the torque, force, or lever arm length for any rotating system. Useful for mechanics and engineering problems.

τ = rFsinθF = τ/r
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Beginner

Buoyancy Calculator

Calculate the buoyant force on an object submerged in a fluid using Archimedes’ principle. Find density or volume too.

Fb = ρVgV = Fb/ρg
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Beginner

Work & Power Calculator

Find work done, power, force, or time for any task. Covers both mechanical work and power output calculations.

W = FdP = W/t
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Advanced

Escape Velocity Calculator

Calculate the minimum speed needed to escape a planet’s or star’s gravity. Enter mass and radius to find escape velocity instantly.

v = √(2GM/r)
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Intermediate

Thermal Expansion Calculator

Find the change in length, area, or volume of a material as temperature changes. Covers linear and volumetric expansion.

ΔL = αL₀ΔTΔV = βV₀ΔT
Open Calculator →Thermodynamics
Advanced

Coulomb’s Law Calculator

Calculate the electrostatic force between two charges based on their magnitude and distance apart. Solve for charge or distance too.

F = kq₁q₂/r²
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Advanced

Simple Harmonic Motion Calculator

Find displacement, velocity, acceleration, and period for any object undergoing simple harmonic motion. Covers springs and pendulums.

x = Acos(ωt)T = 2π/ω
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Advanced

Lens & Mirror Calculator

Calculate image distance, object distance, or focal length for lenses and mirrors. Find magnification for any optical setup.

1/f = 1/do + 1/dim = -di/do
Open Calculator →Waves & Optics
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Advanced

Radioactive Decay Calculator

Find the remaining quantity, half-life, or decay rate of a radioactive substance over time. Useful for nuclear physics problems.

N = N₀e^(-λt)t½ = ln2/λ
Open Calculator →Modern Physics
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Intermediate

Fluid Pressure Calculator

Calculate the pressure exerted by a fluid at any depth using density, gravity, and depth. Great for hydrostatics problems.

P = ρghh = P/ρg
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Beginner

Friction Force Calculator

Find the friction force, normal force, or coefficient of friction between two surfaces. Covers static and kinetic friction.

f = μNμ = f/N
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Advanced

Universal Gravitation Calculator

Calculate the gravitational force between two masses using Newton’s law of universal gravitation. Solve for mass or distance too.

F = Gm₁m₂/r²
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Intermediate

Resistors Series/Parallel Calculator

Find the total resistance for resistors connected in series or parallel. Add as many resistors as you need and get instant results.

Rs = R1+R2+…1/Rp = 1/R1+1/R2+…
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Advanced

Specific Heat Calculator

Calculate the heat energy, mass, or temperature change of a substance using its specific heat capacity. Ideal for thermal problems.

Q = mcΔTc = Q/mΔT
Open Calculator →Thermodynamics
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Advanced

Electric Field Calculator

Find the electric field strength created by a point charge at any distance. Also calculates force on a test charge.

E = kq/r²F = qE
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Advanced

Capacitor Calculator

Calculate capacitance, charge, or voltage for a capacitor, plus stored energy. Covers series and parallel combinations too.

C = Q/VE = ½CV²
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Advanced

Bernoulli’s Equation Calculator

Find pressure, velocity, or height at any two points in a flowing fluid using Bernoulli’s principle. Useful for fluid dynamics.

P+½ρv²+ρgh = const
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Beginner

Power Calculator

Calculate electrical or mechanical power using voltage, current, force, or work done. One simple tool for any power problem.

P = VIP = W/tP = I²R
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All Levels

Physics Unit Converter

Convert between common physics units instantly — length, mass, force, energy, pressure, and more. One tool for every conversion.

SI ⇄ ImperialMetric Prefixes
Open Calculator →General Physics
📐 Quick Reference
Essential Physics Formulas
  • v = u + atFinal velocity — SUVAT (Kinematics)
  • V = IROhm’s Law — Voltage, Current, Resistance
  • v = fλWave speed = frequency × wavelength
  • F = maNewton’s Second Law of Motion
  • E = mc²Mass-energy equivalence (Einstein)
  • P = VIElectrical power dissipation

💡 How to Use

  • Enter known values in the input fields
  • Select the correct units from the dropdown
  • Click Calculate — results show instantly
  • Read the step-by-step solution below
  • Reset for a new problem anytime

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